Toufic Fahd, Le Pantheon de VArabie centrale a la veille de I'hegire (Paris: Geuthner, 1968), p. 164

Ibn al-Qalbi, Kitab al-asnam (Cairo: Matba'at Dar al-Kitab al-Misriya, 1924), p. 18. (Ibn al-Qalbi died in 204 a.h.) Regarding Al-Uzza, see also: Hartwig Derembourg, Recueil des memoires orientaux, »Le culte de la deesse en Arabie du IVe siecle de notre ere« (Paris, 1905

See also Surah LII, »The Mount,« Verse 20, p. 696

For descriptions of Paradise see also the following verses: Surah XLVII, »Muhammad,« Verse 15, p. 673. Surah LXXXVHI, »The Overwhelming,« Verses 8-16, p. 804. Surah LII, »The Mount,« Verses 17-26, pp. 696-97. Surah XLIV, »Smoke,« Verses 51-57, pp. 658-59. Surah LVI, »The Event,« Verses 12-38, pp. 713-14. Surah LV, »The Beneficent,« Verses 46-78, pp. 710-12. Surah XXXV, »The Angels,"« Verse 33, p. 575. Surah XXII, »The Pilgrimage,« Verse 23, p. 435. Surah XVIII, »The Cave,« Verses 30-31, p. 384. Surah XLIII, »Ornaments of Gold,« Verses 70—72, p. 653

Al-Muduwana, Dahir 1-57-343, Official Bulletin, 6 December 1957

The Moroccan Family Law will be used as an example for most of our illustrations here, because of all the Arab family laws it is the one where the contradictions between modernist aspirations and conservative allegiance to tradition are most striking, even to the point of caricature. For example, the Tunisian Family Law has chosen to underplay conservative elements and emphasize modern aspirations. Algeria is characterized by a notorious paralysis as far as family law is concerned, the so-called socialist Algerian state being still unable to produce a family law.

See also the following Koranic verses, which refer to Adam's fall: Surah XV, »Al-Hijr,« Verses 26-42, pp. 338-40. Surah XVII, »The Al-Isra,« Verses 61-65, pp. 371-72. Surah XX, »Ta Ha,« Verses 115-27, pp. 416-17

See also the following Koranic verses: Surah XXXIV, »Saba,« Verse 35, p. 567. Surah XXV, »The Criterion,« Verse 74, p. 477. Surah LXIII, »The Hypocrites,« Verse 9, p. 743. Surah IX, »Repentance,« Verse 24, pp. 242-43. Surah LXVIII, »Victory,« Verse II, pp. 678-79. Surah LXIV, »Mutual Disillusion,« Verse 15, p. 746

Ibn Khaldun, Al-muqaddima (Beirut: Al-Kitab al-Arabi, n.d.), p. 196

Nevertheless, it must be noted that the ambiguity about the sex of angels (because the divine being merely denies the suppositions of human beings without settling the question) is one of the rare instances of ambiguity in the Koran. Rationality is the essential and dominant quality of the Koran. Mystery or confusion are not phenomena that one often encounters in reading the Koran. When one does encounter an ambiguity, one remembers it, takes note of it, for the Koran, as a construction of the universe, has a crystalline limpidity.