<p>Sigmund Freud, New Introductory Lectures in Psychoanalysis (New York: W. W. Norton, 1933).</p>

<p>Sigmund Freud, »Some Psychological Consequences of the Anatomical Distinction Between Sexes« Collected Papers, Vol V (London: Hogarth Press, 1956), pp. 196-197.</p>

<p>Karen Horney, »The Flight from Womanhood« in Feminine Psychology, ed. by Harold Kelman (New York: W. W. Norton, 1967). Freud's indirect rejoinder, made in his 1931 essay entitled »Female Sexuality« is as follows: It is to be anticipated that male analysts with feminist sympathies, and our women analysts also, will disagree with what I have said here. They will hardly fail to object that such notions have their origin in the man's »masculinity complex« and are meant to justify theoretically his innate propensity to disparage and suppress women.

<p>The traditional psychoanalytic theories about women, especially Freud's, have been well and fully criticized by Karen Horney, Simone de Beauvoir, Clara Thompson, Natalie Shainess, Betty Friedan, Albert Adler, Thomas Szasz, and Harry Stack Sullivan.</p>

<p>Schofield, op. cit.</p>

<p>Szasz, op. cit.</p>

<p>Sigmund Freud, »On the History of the Psycho-analytic Movement« (1914), in Collected Papers of Sigmund Freud, Vol. I (New York: Basic Books, 1959).</p>

<p>Goffman, op. cit.; Szasz, op. cit.; Schofield, op. cit.; Foucault, op. cit.; T. J. Scheff, Being Mentally III: A Sociological Theory (Chicago: Aldine, 1966).</p>

<p>Schofield sent basic information questionnaires to randomly selected practitioner members of the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychological Association, and the National Association of Social Workers. Complete returns were obtained from 140 psychiatrists, 149 psychiatric social workers, and 88 clinical psychologists.</p>

<p>Gloria Steinem, »Laboratory for Love Styles« New York Magazine, February 1970, quotes one middle-class discussion of psychoanalysts:<br />»Psychiatrists are the male geishas of our time. I mean, the women who go to analysts usually have empty days on their hands, right? And Freud was too male-chauvinist to figure out we needed professions as well as sex, right? So these analysts get a lot of attractive women in their offices and encourage them to talk about their sex lives and, well, one thing leads to another.