Rivonia, a suburb on the outskirts of Johannesburg, was the underground headquarters of Umkhonto we Sizwe. Nine of the leaders were arrested there on 12 July 1963.

Black South African women frequently refer to an older woman as »Mama« so-and-so.

Almost invariably, Winnie referred to her husband by his surname only.

I am indebted to Shelagh Gastrow (1987) for many of the facts mentioned here.

Before the ANC was banned by the government in 1960, the separate women's arm of the organization was referred to as the Women's League. After the ANC went into exile, its name was changed to the Women's Section.

The lack of representation of the Pan-Africanist Congress and the Black Consciousness movement constitute the most serious omissions here. It appears that no FAC women were ever recommended by those I consulted, for reasons I do not know. It could be that this organization and its descendants have very little following inside South Africa, and/or that women play a very insignificant role in them, and/or that their members would be less willing to be interviewed by a white woman.

An exit permit requires permanent exile from South Africa.

Wendy Landau, a representative of the Human Rights Commission, said that this forty percent figure includes 18-year-olds with those who are under 18 (the official definition of a child in South Africa). She added that between June 1987 and June 1988, children constituted twenty percent of the 5,000 people detained under that state of emergency, and that between June 1988 and June 1989, they represented ten percent of the 3,000 emergency detainees held (personal communication, 7 June 1989).

The work and significance of this Cape-based women's organization is described by Gertrude Fester in chapter 18. Founded in 1975, this federation was an exclusively black women's organization that was banned in 1977.

The Vereeniging/Van der Byl Park/Sasolberg/Sebokeng/Sharpeville triangle-shaped region, south of Johannesburg on the Vaal river