The New York indictments were not dismissed until 1923. See National Archives, Justice Department, RG 60, file 193424, Roe correspondence for September and October, 1919, and file 9-19-0, section 1, February 28,1923; also briefs and correspondence in Roe papers, Boxes H7, H8. For military intelligence reports see National Archives, Army Intelligence, RG 165, file 10541-722.

F.F.I, collection, correspondence, Smedley to San Francisco office F.F.I., undated. Frank Walsh was a nationally prominent civil rights attorney and important liberal figure in the Democratic Party. In 1915 he chaired the influential U.S. Commission on Industrial Relations. The next year he managed President Wilson's campaign for New York State, continuing into the 1920s as the party's liberal whip for New York.

F.F.I, collection, correspondence, 1919: Smedley to San Francisco office F.F.I., September 4; and Call, August 29, 1919. With further documentation, Gilbert Roe papers, Box H8.

F.F.I, collection, correspondence, 1919: Smedley to San Francisco office F.F.I., July 1, August 24; Smedley to Morrison, August 26; Gompers to F.F.I., July 2; Smedley to labor unions, undated; Morrison to Smedley, August 25. More labor correspondence with immigration in National Archives, Justice Department, RG 85, file 53854-133.

Call, April 14, 15, 1919; N. S. Hardiker papers, Nehru Library, New Delhi, correspondence with Lajpat Rai, March 1, April 17, 1919. See also Bose, Indian Revolutionaries Abroad, p. 189, and D. P. Singh, American Attitudes toward the Indian Nationalist Movement (New Delhi, 1969), p. 303.

F.F.I, collection, correspondence 1919—20; National Archives, Justice Department, RG 85, has a huge file of letters from many organizations.

The classic general work is Theodore Draper, The Roots of American Communism (New York, 1957).

Call, May 3, 7, 10, June 13, 1919; see also Murray, Red Scare.

Call, April 12, 1919; Lovett, All Our Years, p. 158.

Friends of Freedom for India, eds. (pamphlet), India's Freedom in American Courts (New York, 1919); Robert M. Lovett, All Our Years: The Autobiography of Robert Morss Lovett (New York, 1948), pp. 158-59; Sanger, Autobiography, p. 351; Raucher, »American Anti-Imperialists«.