China Weekly Review, May 4, 11, 25, June 1, 15, July 3, 13, 1929; P. C. Joshi Collection, file 1929-7; Smedley to Roe, June 5, 1929; interviews with Rewi Alley.

Interviews with Gertrude Binder; P. C. Joshi Collection, file 1929—7; Smedley to Lennon, July 14, 1929.

Rhoads Murphey, Shanghai: Key to Modern China (Cambridge, Mass., 1953).

Smedley to Lennon, February 8, and to Roe, June 5,1929; P. C. Joshi Collection, file 1929—7; interview with Sohan Singh Josh; British Intelligence, National Archives, Meerut Conspiracy Case Exhibits, files SI.1871, 1881, and Session Court Judgment, p. 122. For an overview, see Stanley Wolpert, A New History of India (New York, 1977), pp. 312-13; People 8 (April 13, 1929): 11, for Smedley's tribute to Lajpat Rai.

Smedley to Roe, April 12; to Lennon, May 6; to Sanger, June 13, 1929. »Nanking« and »Sun Yat-sen's Funeral« in Modern Review 46 (August 1929): 137-42, 167-73.

Smedley to Sanger, March 21, June 13, October 12, November 21, December 6, 1929.

Battle Hymn, p. 43; Smedley to Sanger, June 13,1929. For Smedley's earlier view of Japan see Chapter 4.

Helen F. Snow, Women in Modern China (The Hague, 1967), p. 242, and Inside Red China (New York, 1939), p. 170. On Xiang Jingyu, see Delia Davin, Women-Work (Oxford, 1976), pp. 16—18. The classic work focusing on the left Guomindang and the catastrophe of 1927 is by onetime Smedley associate Harold Isaacs: The Tragedy of the Chinese Revolution (New York, 1936), original edition with preface by Leon Trotsky; the second edition (1954) was rewritten with an anticommunist bias.

Smedley's early articles on women for the Zeitung and other publications are collected in Jan and Steve MacKinnon, eds., Portraits of Chinese Women in Revolution (New York, 1976).

Charlotte L. Beahan, »Feminism and Nationalism in the Chinese Women's Press, 1902-1911,« Modern China 1, no. 4 (October 1975): 379-416.